Kublai Khan The Conqueror History Essay

Kublai Khan The Conqueror History Essay Here is a story about Kublai khan. He had a little family but they were next in line for the thrown. His uncle Genghis khan and his brother Mongke influenced him because they were great emperors. So next after his brother was Kublai khan. So when he was emperor he conquered not just to get land but also to help them get their education. Here is a little tale about Kublai khan. Kublai khan was born in 1215.He was the fourth son of Tule also the son of Genghis khan. He had a little family. His brothers were Mongke, Ajir boge, and Ariq boge khan. In 1251 Kublai khan controls eastern Chinese territories by his brother Mongke being emperor. Kublai khan was also in charge of expeditions. Mongke being emperor. Kublai khan was also in charge of expedition into western Chinese territories but was killed by the Chinese defense in August 1259.In 1260 Kublai khan was elected mongkes successor. Kublai khans younger brother Ajig boge khan strongly disagreed and his younger brother Arig boge khan as well. So Arig boge khan proclaimed himself khan at karakorum, Mongolia. 1264 he defeated his brother Arig boge khan. After he defeated his brother he started to trade with the west of china. There were several directed exchanges of missions between the pope and the great khan. Kublai khan in trusted the polo brothers in 1266 to carry a request to the pope about scholars and t echnicians. Kublai khan was a Mongolian leader not only through conquest, but also by ruling successfully. He was so interested in Chinese culture that they over threw him. In 1287 Marco polo accomplished Kublai khan to defeat his uncle and his rivals the Nayan after a long battle Kublai khan and Marco polo defeated his uncle and his rival the Nayan. Then Kublai khan died on February 18, 1294. Kublai khan ruled over Mongolia. Mongolia is in between Russia and china in Eurasia. He was known in history as a great emperor and powerful one. So he was a Mongol dreamer, and ruler, during the 13th century, desired to unite different religious, nationalities, and cultures together under the Yuan Empire. While he was Mongolian by birth, he was a great sympathizer for the Chinese people. Even thought he didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t always trust them, he was fascinated with there culture, traditions, and art. He conformed to Chinese ways so well that the conservative Mongolians were offended and repeatedly caused him problems. In 1287 Marco polo and Kublai khan went on an expedition to explore the world and also to defeat his uncle and his rival nayan. So then the nayan had 300,000 solders. But Kublai khan had 460,000. So he had them beaten by 160,000. So after a horrible but great battle Kublai khan won against his uncle and the Nayan. So after he defeated his brother Arigh boki. He was named the great khan. So since he was empire Kublai khan transformed from conqueror to ruler led to many developments in Chinese culture. He provided for his people free religion, created aid agencies, increased the use of postal stations, established paper currency, reorganized and improved roads, and, expanded water ways. In his rule the winter capital was moved to Chinese territory in the city of dadu, which is modern day Beijing. In summer hr moved the capitol to Shangdu, which is referred as Xanadu. The Yuan dynasty failed, because Kublai khan died of, many reasons. His decision to move the capitol to Chinese territory and to in stall his beautiful palace at Xanadu offended his Mongolian advisers. So he was torn apart between his country and the following traditional nomadic ways of his people. Eventually he was sanitized and his Mongolian influenced government battled between their ways and the demands of the Chinese. The divi sions in the Chinese people were not the only reasons only reasons for his death. He sought expansionism to appease his trusted Mongolian advisers and sought after java and Japan. He attempted but he failed which cost his government money. So the paper currency he created caused inflation and continual conflicts between disgruntled religious groups arose into the mixed society he fosted. In 1281 the death of his favorite wife dies also along with his son as well. So he went into a depression Consequently, with a decling government in his hands and an ache in his heart, so he became an obese drunk and died at the age 79. Regardlessly of him to demise, the yuan dynasty made alasting impact on china and established the legacy of the great khan. Kubali khan was a great emperor in the yuan dynasty. He was a powerful emperor. He had a little family. He had three brothers, mom and dad. When he conquered the Chinese it was for the entire better. He helped then get education and also to conquer land and show what a great emperor. So when he started his downfall first his wife died and also his son so when they died he started letting down his empire. So later on he died of a broken heart by letting his people down. He helped the world by spreading education. I also learned that by conquering land you also help them by giving them what they donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have yet. So he also proved that you could die of a broken heart.

Computer-Human Interaction Essay

Speech input/voice recognition has been a long standing area of research. While progress is being made, it is slower than optimists like IBM (spear headers of the early device â€Å"Shoebox†) and members of the health care domain originally predicted, and further work remains in this field. Although the goal of continuous speech recognition remains difficult to master, unnatural, isolated-word speech recognition is appropriate for some tasks and even natural for communicating with a computer, rather than another human. Speech recognition has been best utilized as of late with telephony and other domains such as computer gaming. The improvement of mobile processor speeds made feasible the speech-enabled Symbian and Windows Mobile Smartphones. Speech is used mostly as a part of User Interface, for creating pre-defined or custom speech commands (Wiki, July 2010). Research is needed not only in the actual speech recognition technology but also in how to use speech in an interface (Kamel, 1990). The ideal that a perfect computer is one that behaves and communicates just like a personal assistant is a naive one: people should only expect computers to behave like the tools they are, not like other people; and furthermore the computer-as-person approach ultimately limits the usefulness of the computer to that of the person being mimicked. The obstacle in improving the usefulness of interactive systems such as speech recognition software gradually lies in communicating requests and results between the system and its user. The best hope for progress in this area now lies at the user interface, rather than the system interior. Faster, more natural, and more convenient means for users and computers to exchange information are needed. Is speech recognition where it’s at? On the user’s side, interactive system technology is bridled by the nature of human communication devices; i. e. brain, lips, tongue, etc. and abilities; on the computer side, it is constrained only by input/output devices and methods that we can invent. The challenge is to design new devices/software and types of dialogues that better fit and take advantage of the communication-relevant characteristics of humans. So where does that leave us as we look forward to bigger and better ways of utilizing speech recognition (SR)? What is the future of SR? DARPA has three teams of researchers working on Global Autonomous Language Exploitation (GALE), a program that will take in streams of information from foreign news broadcasts and newspapers and translate them. It hopes to create software that can instantly translate two languages with at least 90 percent accuracy. (Grabianowski, July 2010). At some point in the future, speech recognition may become speech understanding. Computers could potentially not only translate what was said and annotate it, but actually grasp the meaning behind the words. The staggering amount of computing power needed behind such a feat is just too far out to believe we are close to that at this time though. Accuracy of speech recognition stopped improving in 2001, well before reaching human levels. Funders stopped many projects. In the early 1990s, the newly minted Microsoft Research organization developed a system called MindNet which traced out a network in a dictionary from each word to its every mention in the definitions of other words. MindNet was shelved in 2005. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) financed investigations into conversational speech recognition but shifted priorities and money after accuracy plateaued. Attention has now shifted from speech recognition to research to â€Å"understand and emulate relevant human capabilities† as well as understanding how the brain processes language. This fundamental shift in direction acknowledges that â€Å"speech recognition† is not the answer. (Baker, Deng, Glass, Khudanpur, Lee, Morgan, O’Shaughnessy, May 2009). References: Shoebox,. IBM Shoebox (1960-1962) Retrieved 12 July 2010 from www03. ibm. com website http://www03. ibm. com/ibm/history/exhibits/specialprod1/specialprod1_7. html Kamel,. R. Kamel, (vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 8-9, August 1990 )‘‘Guest Editor’s Introduction: Voice in Computing,’’ IEEE Computer, Retrieved 12 July 2010 from www. computer. org website http://www. computer. org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10. 1109/MC. 1990. 10081 Wiki,. Retrieved July, 2010 from en. wikipedia. org website http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition Grabianowski,. Ed Grabianowski (July 2010): How Speech Recognition Works Retrieved July, 2010 from electronics. howstuffworks. com website http://electronics. howstuffworks. com/gadgets/high-tech-gadgets/speech- recognition4. htm Baker, Deng, Glass, Khudanpur, Lee, Morgan, O’Shaughnessy (May 2009): Research Developments and Directions in Speech Recognition and Understanding, Part1 Retrieved July, 2010 from research. microsoft. com website http://research. microsoft. com/pubs/80528/SPM-MINDS-I. pdf

Endergonic vs Exergonic Reactions and Processes

Endergonic and exergonic are two types of chemical reactions, or processes, in thermochemistry or physical chemistry. The names describe what happens to energy during the reaction. The classifications are related to endothermic and exothermic reactions, except endergonic and exergonic describe what happens with any form of energy, while endothermic and exothermic relate only to heat or thermal energy. Endergonic Reactions Endergonic reactions may also be called an unfavorable reaction or nonspontaneous reaction. The reaction requires more energy than you get from it.Endergonic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings.The chemical bonds that are formed from the reaction are weaker than the chemical bonds that were broken.The free energy of the system increases.  The change in the standard Gibbs Free Energy (G) of an endergonic reaction is positive (greater than 0).The change in entropy (S) decreases.Endergonic reactions are not spontaneous.Examples of endergonic reactions include endothermic reactions, such as photosynthesis and the melting of ice into liquid water.If the temperature of the surroundings decreases, the reaction is endothermic. Exergonic Reactions An exergonic reaction may be called a spontaneous reaction or a favorable reaction.Exergonic reactions release energy to the surroundings.The chemical bonds formed from the reaction are stronger than those that were broken in the reactants.The free energy of the system decreases.  The change in the standard Gibbs Free Energy (G) of an exergonic reaction is negative (less than 0).The change in entropy (S) increases. Another way to look at it is that the disorder or randomness of the system increases.Exergonic reactions occur spontaneously (no outside energy is required to start them).Examples of exergonic reactions include exothermic reactions, such as mixing sodium and chlorine to make table salt, combustion, and chemiluminescence (light is the energy that is released).If the temperature of the surroundings increases, the reaction is exothermic. Notes About the Reactions You cannot tell how quickly a reaction will occur based on whether it is endergonic or exergonic. Catalysts may be needed to cause the reaction to proceed at an observable rate. For example, rust formation (oxidation of iron) is an exergonic and exothermic reaction, yet it proceeds so slowly its difficult to notice the release of heat to the environment.In biochemical systems, endergonic and exergonic reactions often are coupled, so the energy from one reaction can power another reaction.Endergonic reactions always require energy to start. Some exergonic reactions also have activation energy, but more energy is released by the reaction than what is required to initiate it. For example, it takes energy to start a fire, but once combustion starts, the reaction releases more light and heat than it took to get it started.Endergonic reactions and exergonic reactions are sometimes called reversible reactions. The quantity of the energy change is the same for both reactions, although the en ergy is absorbed by the endergonic reaction and released by the exergonic reaction. Whether the reverse reaction actually can occur is not a consideration when defining reversibility. For example, while burning wood is a reversible reaction theoretically, it doesnt actually occur in real life. Perform Simple Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions In an endergonic reaction, energy is absorbed from the surroundings. Endothermic reactions offer good examples, as they absorb heat. Mix together baking soda (sodium carbonate) and citric acid in water. The liquid will get cold, but not cold enough to cause frostbite. An exergonic reaction releases energy to the surroundings. Exothermic reactions are good examples of this type of reaction because they release heat. The next time you do laundry, put some laundry detergent in your hand and add a small amount of water. Do you feel the heat? This is a safe and simple example of an exothermic and thus exergonic reaction. A more spectacular exergonic reaction is produced by dropping a small piece of an alkali metal in water. For example, lithium metal in water burns and produces a pink flame. A glow stick is an excellent example of a reaction that is exergonic, yet not exothermic. The chemical reaction releases energy in the form of light, yet it doesnt produce heat.

Compare And Contrast Young Goodman Brown And Bartleby The...

The Prejudices of Young Goodman Brown and Bartleby the Scrivener The story of Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne occurs in the 1600’s and takes place in Salem, a town located in the northeastern side of Boston, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony that was established by the Puritan settlers. Bartleby the Scrivener, by Herman Melville, is set in New York in 1853 in a law office staffed with peculiar men. Both stories have some prejudice aspects. The definition of prejudice is â€Å"preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience† (â€Å"Prejudice†). In Young Goodman brown the issues of prejudice center around the preconceived ideas of evil and witches. Young Goodman Brown is allegorical because it is about a man who is put†¦show more content†¦Hawthorne relates his own experience to share the life of Brown, and he also uses internal conflict to explore Young Goodman Brown’s identity crisis. In the beginning there was a con flict between the husband and wife. There is a slight conflict between the husband and wife as Faith fears danger and does not want Young Goodman Brown to leave her during the night, and this causes the distance between them. It then escalates into a conflict between the good and evil in the world when Young Goodman Brown meets the devil in the forest. Youngman Goodman Brown is lodged on the belief of corruption since the fall of man in the Garden of Eden after sinning against God, man has been led on the path of sin and wretchedness. This is a major theme as illustrated in the book as an allegory in that man is presented in the image of sin and of a polluted heart. Allegory is used by the presence of a man who ‘resembles himself in all aspects and that he carries a black serpent-shaped staff† (Melville 35). This is a clear indication of evil in that the blackness of the staff and the serpent are used to illustrate evil and the powers behind evil. He accepts the staff made especially for him by his â€Å"replica,† which enables him to float around. In addition, the literature uses imagery in that the name Young Goodman Brown is used to indicate the innocence and naivety. On the other hand, the name Goodman is used to illustrate the company of a simple